In the
sport of
cricket, a dismissal occurs when the
batsman is out (also known as taking a wicket).
Ways of getting out
A batsman can be dismissed in a number of ways, the most common being bowled,
caught,
leg before wicket (LBW), stumped and run out. Much rarer are hit wicket, hit
the ball twice, handled the ball, obstructing the field and timed out.
The
bowler only "gets credit" for a wicket if the batsman is out bowled, LBW,
caught, stumped, or hit wicket. If the ball is a
no ball then
the batsman cannot be out in any of these ways. The batsman can, however, be out
run out, handled the ball, hit the ball twice, obstructing the field, or timed
out on any ball.
Law 2.9(b) : Retired
If any batsman leaves the field of play without the Umpire's consent for any
reason other than injury or incapacity, he may resume the innings only with the
consent of the opposing captain. If he fails to resume his innings, he recorded
as being Retired - out.
Only two players in Test history have ever been given out in this manner,
Marvan Atapattu and
Mahela Jayawardene - both in the same match playing for
Sri Lanka
against
Bangladesh in
September 2001.
Law 30 : Bowled
If a bowler's delivery hits the
stumps and dislodges a
bail, the striker (the batsman facing the bowler) is out. The ball
can either have struck the stumps directly, or have been deflected off the bat
or body of the batsman. However, the batsman is not out bowled if the ball is
touched by a
fielder before hitting the stumps.
Law 31 :
Timed out
If a new player takes more than three minutes to enter the field of play
after the previous batsman was ruled out, then the new player is out. In the
case of extremely long delays, the umpires may forfeit the match to either team.
This method of taking a wicket has never been employed in the history of Test
cricket. However how long a delay is allowed before calling the game a forfeit,
is still not known!
Law 32 : Caught
If the striker strikes the ball with the bat and the ball is caught by the
bowler or a fielder before it hits the ground, then the striker is out.
"Caught behind" indicates that a player was caught by the wicket-keeper.
"Caught and bowled" indicates the player who bowled the ball also took the
catch.
Law 33 :
Handled the ball
If the batsman touches the ball with his hand for any purpose other than,
with the approval of the fielders, to return the ball to the bowler, he is out.
Only nine batsman have been out handled the ball in the history of
Test cricket (Russell
Endean,
Andrew Hilditch,
Mohsin
Khan,
Desmond Haynes,
Graham
Gooch,
Steve
Waugh,
Mohinder Amarnath,
Michael Vaughan and
Inzamam-Ul-Haq).
Law 34 :
Hit the ball twice
If the batsman hits the ball twice, he is out. But the second hit must be an
actual hit: the batsman may stop the ball a second time with his bat; this
action is often performed to stop the ball from hitting the stumps.
No batsman has been out hit the ball twice in
Test
cricket.
Law 35 : Hit wicket
If the batsman dislodges his own stumps with his body or bat, he is out.
This law does not apply if he was avoiding a ball thrown back to the wicket
by a fielder, or broke the wicket in avoiding a run out.
Being out Hit-wicket is often seen as a comedic method of dismissal.
Jonathan Agnew and
Brian Johnston, commentators on
BBC Radio's
Test Match Special got themselves into difficulty when
Ian Botham
dislodged the bails trying to step over the stumps playing a
hook shot.
In the recent
Test Series between
England and
Pakistan at
Headingley
the Pakistan captain
Inzamam-ul-Haq was out hit wicket when he fell over the stumps and dislodged
the bails.
Law 36 :
Leg before wicket (LBW)
If the ball strikes any part of the batsman's person (not necessarily the
leg), and, in the
umpire's judgement, the ball would have hit the batsman's stumps but for
this interception, then the batsman is out. The point of impact must be within
line with the batsman's stumps and the bowler's stumps if the batsman is playing
a stroke. The batsman can be given out if the ball strikes him outside the off
stump, if the ball would have hit the stumps and if the batsman is playing no
stroke. Also, the ball cannot have made contact with the bat or glove before
hitting the batsman.
Law 37 :
Obstructing the field
If the batsman, by action or by words, obstructs a fielder, then he is out.
However, a batsman is allowed to obstruct the view of a fielder by standing in
front of him. He may also stand in between the fielder and the stumps. The rule
intends to prevent batsman from interfering with a fielder by, for instance,
pushing him. Also, a player may be given out if they deliberatly hit a ball
being thrown back to the keeper whilst being out of their crease, as happened to
Inzamam-ul-Haq.
Only one individual has ever been out obstructing the field in a Test
match (when England's
Len Hutton
in 1951, playing
against South Africa at
The Oval in
London, prevented the South Africans from catching him whilst knocking the ball
away from his stumps).
In one day cricket however three people have been given out obstructing the
field. The first was Pakistan's
Rameez
Raja and the latest one has been
Inzamam-ul-Haq against India in February 2006.
Law 38 : Run out
If a fielder uses the ball to remove the bails from either set of stumps
whilst the batsmen are running between the
wickets (or
otherwise away from the crease during the course of play), then the batsman
(striker or non-striker) is out. The batsman nearest the set of stumps from
which the bails were removed, but not actually in safe territory, is given out.
If the batsman has any part of his body or his bat (if he's holding it) on the
ground behind the line of the crease, then he cannot be run out (except if both
batsmen are on the same side of a crease); frequently it is a close call whether
or not a batsman gained his ground in this way before the bails were
removed. (The difference between stumped and run out is that the
wicketkeeper may stump a batsman who goes too far forward to play the ball,
while any fielder, including the keeper, may run out a batsman who goes too far
for any other purpose, including for taking a run.)
Law 39 : Stumped
If the striker steps in front of the
crease to play the ball, leaving no part of his anatomy or the bat on the
ground behind the crease, and the
wicket-keeper is able to remove the bails from the wicket with the ball,
then the striker is out.
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